Clinical Nutritionist Practice Test

What can lead to an emaciated patient in terms of nutrient intake?

1. Excessive carbohydrate consumption

2. Inadequate fat and CHO intake

3. High protein diets

4. Regular healthy eating

The correct answer is: Inadequate fat and CHO intake

Inadequate intake of fats and carbohydrates can lead to an emaciated state in patients because both macronutrients are essential for maintaining energy balance and overall health. Carbohydrates serve as the body's primary source of energy; when consumed in insufficient amounts, the body can switch to utilizing protein for energy, which can lead to muscle loss and a decrease in overall body mass. Fats are also crucial as they provide energy, facilitate the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, and play a key role in numerous physiological processes. When a patient does not consume enough of either of these macronutrients, it can result in significant weight loss, malnutrition, and emaciation, as their body is deprived of essential energy sources and nutrients needed for proper functioning. The other choices do not lead to emaciation as directly. For instance, excessive carbohydrate consumption can lead to weight gain rather than emaciation. High-protein diets, while they can have various health implications, typically do not lead to emaciation if overall calorie intake is adequate. Regular healthy eating generally supports balanced nutrition and body weight maintenance, making it unlikely to contribute to emaciation.